Lying 780 km (485 miles) west of Cairo, the most remote and perhaps the most engaging of Egypt’s oases, Siwa is unusual in Egypt in that it has a distinct culture and its own language, related to the Berber languages of North Africa. It evolved as a well-watered stopping point in the desert, on the Haj pilgrimage route from the coast of northeastern Libya through to the Red Sea, and thus developed many Berber connections.
Until the 1980s when a highway was completed connecting it to the coastal town of Mersa Mahruh, it was completely isolated from the rest of the country. Today the modern Libyan border lies only 50km (31 miles) to the east.
It is not your stereotypical palm grove with a watering hole, but Siwa covers a large area of date palms and olive trees fed by underground springs – and there’s a central salt lake.
The oasis’ population is currently about 33,000, mostly Berber, and the main centre is Siwa town. It is dominated by the remains of the ancient hilltop settlement known as Shali Ghadi, a fortlike tight collection of ruined and slowly collapsing mud-brick houses.
The Siwis moved from here after it was severely damaged by unprecedented heavy rains in 1926 and instead built their houses on the surrounding plains, which now make up the town. You can climb to the top of Shali Ghadi for great views across the oasis’ sea of date palms and olive trees fed by underground springs – and there’s a central salt lake.
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View of the Shali Fortress in Siwa Oasis © Shutterstock
From the Temple of Jupiter-Amun to sandboarding in the Great Sand Sea, these are the best things to do in Siwa Oasis.
The main centre, Siwa town, is dominated by the remains of the ancient hilltop settlement known as Shali Ghadi, a fortlike tight collection of ruined and slowly collapsing mud-brick houses.
The Siwis moved from here after it was severely damaged by unprecedented heavy rains in 1926 and instead built their houses on the surrounding plains, which now make up the town.
You can climb to the top of Shali Ghadi for great views across the oasis’ sea of date palms.
The Siwa House Museum was built thanks to a grant from the Canadian government to safeguard the architectural heritage and the uniqueness of the oasis. The house is constructed of karshif, a salt-impregnated dried mud, the same as the crumbling houses in Shali Ghadi, and the roof and door are made of palm fronds.
Inside is a collection of everyday objects, including silver jewellery, musical instruments, traditional clothes, ceramics and handmade baskets.
Siwa Oasis, Egypt © Shutterstock
On the rock of Aghurmi, 4km (2.5 miles) from the centre, sit the remains of the Temple of Jupiter-Amun, or the Temple of the Oracle, which dates from the 6th century BC and is the home of the famous oracle that confirmed Alexander the Great in his status as a god.
Experience the thrill of sandboarding in the Great Sand Sea near Siwa. This destination is known to have some of the best dunes in the world, with heights of up to 140 metres and smooth, steep slopes.
The stunning views of the surrounding desert landscape only add to the excitement of surfing down these giant dunes. A professional guide is necessary for both day trips and camping and boarding expeditions.
There are dunes of varying shapes and sizes, ensuring that everyone, from beginners to experts, will find the perfect slope for their skill level.
Fatnis Island has become a must-visit destination for tourists seeking the ultimate sunset experience. As the sun sets over the island, visitors are treated to a breathtaking display of colors reflecting off the crystal clear waters.
However, for the native Siwan people, the island holds a deeper significance as a spiritual haven for meditation and contemplation of the blessings bestowed by the divine.
Visitors can experience the island's natural beauty and spiritual energy through guided meditation sessions and yoga classes, led by local practitioners who are deeply connected to the island's cultural and religious heritage.
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Mosque at Aghurmi the old Town of Siwa oasis in Egypt © Shutterstock
Most travellers will stay in Downtown Siwa when visiting Siwa Oasis, though it is possible to camp in the desert near Bir Wahed as well.
This area at the centre of the oasis offers easy access to all the main attractions. You'll find a range of hotels, restaurants, and shops here.
This area is located on the edge of the oasis to the southwest, there are a number of traditional Bedouin-style camps around Bir Wahed.
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If you're planning to visit Siwa Oasis, there are a few things you should know beforehand to make the most out of your trip.
It's possible to visit Siwa Oasis independently but if you want to get out into the desert always book a guide. Ask at your hotel for details.
Pack warm clothes as the temperature drops significantly at night.
Due to its proximity to Libya, there are several military checkpoints en route from Cario to Siwa Oasis. Expect passport checks and your bags to be searched. Do not travel with alcohol.
Carry cash with you as there are limited ATMs in the area.
Ancient Fortress of an Old Shali Mountain village in Siwa Oasis, Egypt © Shutterstock
Located in the Western Desert, you’re most likely to reach Siwa Oasis from Cairo and Alexandria. Here’s how to get to Siwa Oasis.
The most common way to get to Siwa Oasis is by bus. There are daily buses departing from Cairo to Siwa (10-12 hours) and Alexandria (8-9 hours).
Alternatively, you can hire a private taxi from Cairo to Siwa (8-9 hours) and Alexandria (7-8 hours).
Another option is to rent a car and drive to Siwa. We recommend a 4X4 vehicle as the road conditions in the Western Desert can be challenging.
The best time to visit Siwa Oasis is during the winter months from November to February when the weather is mild and pleasant. During this time, the temperatures range between 18°C to 25°C, and the nights can get chilly, especially in December and January.
Visiting Siwa during the summer months (June to August) is not recommended, as the temperatures can rise above 40°C, and the weather can be very dry and dusty. However, if you do decide to visit during this time, make sure to bring plenty of water and protective clothing.
Find out more about the best time to visit Egypt.
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written by
Rough Guides Editors
updated 30.01.2024
