While the southern coast of Peru boasts all manner of intriguing cultural sites, the adjacent interior of the south is much better known for its extremely beautiful geographical features. The Andes take hold here, punctuated by spectacular lakes, towering volcanoes, and deep, stark canyons, creating exactly the kind of terrain that gives a Peru adventure tour its edge.
The landscape is well-suited to adventurous outdoor pursuits like trekking, canoeing, climbing, or mountain biking. The region has two distinct areas: one focused around Arequipa, not far removed from the coast, though high above sea level; the other, the Titicaca Basin, high in the east at the northern end of the immense Altiplano, which stretches deep into Bolivia.
Both are detached from the rest of the country, something reflected as much in political leanings as in their landscapes, themselves unique in Peru.
Arequipa, second city of Peru and a day’s journey from Lima, sits poised against an extraordinary backdrop of volcanic peaks. Located 2335m above sea level, the city enjoys a distinctly poetic appearance. If you’re coming from the north, it’s one of the last places to really merit a stop before continuing on south to the Chilean border. White local stone from the surrounding mountains has been heavily incorporated into the city’s buildings and was a major factor in Arequipa being designated a UNESCO World Heritage site. Trekkers from across the world are attracted by the startlingly varied countryside within the city’s reach: from the gorges of both the Colca Canyon – massive but dwarfed by the glaciers and volcanoes on either side of the valley – and the more distant Cotahuasi Canyon, to the unsettling isolation of the Valley of the Volcanoes.
Further inland from Arequipa, you will probably want to spend time at the world’s highest lake, Lake Titicaca. Its island stays, folk traditions, and high Andean setting make it one of the most distinctive stages of a Southern Peru trip.
The surrounding area is renowned for its folk dances and Andean music, and this is an obvious place to break a journey from Arequipa to Cusco or into Bolivia. Visit and stay on one of the huge lake’s islands to experience life in a very traditional Andean household, or get to know its main town and port, Puno, a high, quite austere city with a cold climate and incredibly rarefied air.
Juliaca, to the north of Puno, makes an alternative, if dull and unattractive, base for exploring the lake or the countryside of this poor, largely peasant area.
Rough Guides combines destination expertise with tailor-made travel planned by vetted Peru local experts. You can use our city and regional guides as a starting point, then receive up to 3 personalized trip plans created from scratch around your preferred pace, experiences, and route through the country. The final itinerary is refined directly with the local travel agent instead of being selected from a fixed package.
written by
Rough Guides Editors
